Obesity has become an epidemic in the United States. Today around 33.3% of American men and 35.3% of American women are obese. More and more people are getting obese every year and opting for different weight loss programs and surgeries. Weight loss surgeries are usually recommended to people who are extremely obese and overweight. Weight loss surgeries are of two types: - Restrictive procedures and malabsorptive procedures.
Restrictive procedures:
Restrictive weight loss surgery reduces the amount of food being consumed by altering the size of the stomach. This surgery doesn’t affect the normal absorption or digestion of food. It involves the formation of a small stomach pouch in the upper portion of the stomach. This pouch is then connected to the rest of the stomach through an outlet known as “stoma”. As a result the overall food intake of the individual gets reduced and he or she feels fuller with less food. However restrictive weight loss surgery is mainly of two types- Vertical banded Gastroplasty and Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
Malabsorptive Procedures:
These surgeries alter the digestive process. Malabsorptive surgeries are of different types some of which involves a bypass of the small intestine thereby reducing the absorption of calories. It decreases the portion or amount of intestine that comes in contact with food so that the body absorbs lesser calories.
Another surgery that is gaining popularity now a days is “Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y”. It is a combined procedure that involves both restrictive and malabsorptive weight loss surgeries. This Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the most frequently performed weight loss surgery in the United States.
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